Statements

• Declaration Statements: type variable-name ;
• Assignment Statements: variable-name = value ;
• Method Invocation Statements: variable-name.methodname(arguments);

Types

• Primitive: int, char, byte, double
• Reference: class, array, interface
• Objects belong to a class, or are arrays, whereas variables have types. Assigning a reference to an object into a variable depends on the class of the object being compatible with the type of the variable, or that the class implements the interface type of the variable, etc.

Variables

Control Constructs

• straight line: the automatic movement from statement to statement, top down in a program;
• method invocation: the jumping away into a new piece of code, the method (function), along with the loading of arguments into the method's local variables, and the subsequent return to the jump point, possibly inserting the return value as the evaluation of the methdo call;
• branch: either one piece of code or another is executed using the if and the if else constructs;
• looping: a section of code is run repeatedly based on a logical control statement at the top or bottom of the code section - such as the while, do whileand for loops.